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Principle of Fuse
2021-09-27
When the fuse is energized, the electrical energy is converted into heat due to its own resistance to heat the melt. At the same time, the heat generated by the current is radiated to the surrounding environment through the melt and the shell, and the heat is dissipated through convection and conduction. When the fuse passes through the allowable working current, the heat emitted is balanced with the heat generated, and the heat will not accumulate in the melt to increase the temperature of the melt, so the fuse will not reach its melting point and fuse. When the current passing through the fuse reaches a certain value, the heat converted from electric energy increases, and the heat dissipation speed cannot keep up with the heating speed. The heat will gradually accumulate on the melt, causing the melt temperature to rise. When the temperature reaches the melting point of the fuse, The fuse starts to melt and continues to absorb heat to further melt into liquid state, and then the fuse temperature further rises to the vaporization point to form an arc. Arc is a gas free discharge phenomenon, the strength of the arc is related to the voltage of the circuit. The higher the voltage, the stronger the arc. The main difference between the rated voltage of the fuse is that the circuit voltage that the fuse can withstand is different. The fuse cannot be used in a circuit higher than its rated voltage, because the circuit voltage When the arc is higher than the rated voltage of the fuse, it is not easy to extinguish. In addition, the strength of the arc is also related to the current in the circuit, the greater the current, the stronger the arc. If the arc can not be extinguished in time, not only can not cut off the circuit, but also may burn other parts of the circuit, resulting in a fire, resulting in an accident. The high explosion-proof fuse is to extinguish the arc by adding explosion-proof sand, and the fuse will really cut off the current after the arc is extinguished, so as to protect other equipment.
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